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A Brief Discussion of the Working Principles and Advantages of Various Vacuum Filters
What are the operating principles of vacuum filtration equipment? Typically, vacuum drum filters are used, which are categorized into external-filter drum filters, internal-filter drum filters, and disc filters. In addition, there are magnetic filters, belt-type filters, and pressure filters. The selection of the appropriate equipment should primarily be based on the characteristics of the material to be filtered, including particle size distribution, density, concentrate yield, slurry properties, and the required moisture content of the final product.
Release Date:
2026-03-24
What are the operating principles of vacuum filtration equipment? Typically, vacuum drum filters are used, which are categorized into external-filter drum filters, internal-filter drum filters, and disc filters. In addition, there are magnetic filters, belt-type filters, and plate-and-frame filters. The selection of the appropriate equipment should primarily be based on the characteristics of the feed material, including particle size distribution, density, concentrate yield, slurry properties, and the required moisture content of the final product.
1. The equipment is primarily used to filter concentrates that contain both coarse particles and fine particles suitable for vacuum filtration. In particular, for coarse-grained concentrates with relatively fast settling rates, the filtration process enables the coarse particles to accumulate preferentially at the bottom of the filter cake, thereby forming a “bed” of coarse particles on the surface of the filter cloth. This reduces clogging of the filter cloth pores, increases the filtrate flow rate, and consequently enhances the throughput of the filter.
2. Due to the widespread occurrence of “magnetic agglomeration” in magnetite concentrate, internal-filter vacuum filters are extensively used for filtering iron concentrate. Vacuum magnetic filters are particularly effective for processing magnetite concentrate, delivering higher filtration efficiency and lower filter cake moisture content. Internal-filter vacuum filters are also employed when filtering unthickened concentrate, but a backup unit must be provided. The drawbacks of internal-filter vacuum filters include inconvenient operation and maintenance, as well as the relatively cumbersome task of replacing the filter cloth.
3. Internal-filter filtration machines are particularly suitable for processing fine-grained concentrates and are ideal when low product moisture is required. Disc filters are also well suited for filtering fine materials and materials with high clay content; however, the moisture content of the filter cake tends to be slightly higher than that obtained with external-filter filtration machines. In addition, belt-type filters and pressure filters exhibit higher filtration efficiency and produce concentrates with lower moisture content when handling fine-grained concentrates that are rich in clay and have high viscosity, compared with other types of filtration equipment.
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